Being the most prevalent programming language, JavaScript associates with universally known software development technologies. It was traditionally used as a web frontend development tool.
Hence it has become a main cross-platform mobile development tool. It uses basic technology for various platforms, including React Native, NativeScript, Apache Cordova/PhoneGap, Appcelerator Titanium. The buzz of using JavaScript for server-side programming does not end here. One of its tools indicates major shift progress which is Node JS Development.
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What is Node JS?
Node JS is actually a runtime environment, which is based on Chrome’s V8 JavaScript engine. The technology was first presented in 2009 by Ryan Dahl at an annual European JSConf. It was recognized as “one of the most thrilling single pieces of software in the current JavaScript universe.”
As an open-source project, Node JS was backed by Joyent. It is a cloud computing and hosting solutions provider. The company has also invested in other technologies, including the Ruby on Rails framework and providing hosting facilities to LinkedIn and Twitter.
The latter became one of the foremost companies to use Node JS for the mobile application backend. The technology was highly valuable; therefore, many technology leaders, such as Walmart, eBay, Uber, and Netflix, and a few others, also started using it. When there is a wide acceptance of server-side JavaScript with Node js started, there was a huge increase in interest in this technology, which peaked in 2017, according to Google Trends.
Benefits of Node JS
Robust technology stack
JavaScript is no doubt an undisputed leader among the most prevalent programming languages. Hence, Node JS has become increasingly important in the industry. In 2018 there were total downloads of 368,985,988 and more than 750 new contributors; hence the project is stronger than ever.
Using Node JS for backend, you get all the advantages of full-stack JavaScript development, which includes:
- Overall developer productivity and better efficiency
- speed and performance
- code sharing and reuse
- knowledge allocation within a team
- Number of free tools
Fast-processing and event-based model
Node JS development is fast; it is not a myth. You can take a look at the performance tests and compare them with PHP, Go, Java. Node JS can handle concurrent requests.
The engine used in Node JS implementation was initially developed for the Chrome browser. It is written in C++ to compile functions that are written in JavaScript for the machine code. Hence it does the job at a remarkable speed.
Moreover, non-blocking input/output request handling has made Node JS proficient for processing requests without delays. Hence, synchronous backend processing executes a code in a sequence. Therefore, each request blocks a thread, making others wait for it.
Another feature is the event-based model. Hence while using a common language for both client and the server-side, synchronization takes place very easily. Hence it is especially useful for event-based and real-time applications. Such features make Node JS development is a popular option for online gaming, video conferences, chats, and many other solutions requiring constant data updates.
Hence many leading companies are now switching to technologies for developing Node JS applications, and there have been significant improvements. For example, PayPal noticed a 35 percent reduction in the response time ever since migrating from Java.
Rich ecosystem
Node.js package manager serves for the open-source JavaScript tools, which plays a significant role in advancing technology. With around 836,000 libraries available right now and over 10,000 new ones being added every week. Node JS ecosystem is very rich. The stats point out that 97 percent of modern applications consist of modules. As proof, it has an undisputable reputation among developers.
With such a wide variety of free tools that are accessible in a few clicks, there is a huge potential for using Node JS development. Hence, open-source software gets even more growing popularity since it allows you to build a new solution for reducing overall costs of development.
Drawbacks of Node JS
Performance bottlenecks with heavy computation tasks
The major drawback of Node JS development is its failure to process CPU-bound tasks. Node JS is a runtime environment for administering JavaScript on the server-side. As one of the frontend programming languages, JavaScript uses a single thread for quickly processing the tasks. Threading is not essential for it to work but provides an additional advantage for performing tasks.
The main problem arises when Node JS development receives a CPU-bound task. If a heavy request comes into the loop, Node JS sets all the CPU available process in the queue first, and then answer them. Therefore it results in slow processing as well as overall delay in the loop. Hence Node JS development is not a recommendation for heavy computation.
In 2018, multithreading was discovered in Node JS development as an experimental feature. A new feature known as the worker threads module is used to leverage additional threads in a thread pool to carry out CPU-bound tasks. But you can only do it on machines with multiple cores. The feature is still very experimental in the Node JS version, but it significantly improves.
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